From 39dc320f5d3793bfbc0207cd1d6fb0b7f6a315a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Maxwell Jeffress <maxwelljeffress@proton.me>
Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2025 15:17:22 +1000
Subject: [PATCH] Type rework, start struct work

---
 src/main.cpp      | 247 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 tests/struct.grnd |  29 ++++++
 2 files changed, 253 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/struct.grnd

diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index 5c51ef2..b97af9e 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
     Happy coding!
 */
 
+#include <cinttypes>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <variant>
@@ -78,7 +79,8 @@ enum class Instructions {
     Getstrcharat, Getstrsize,
     Stoi, Stod, Tostring,
     Fun, Return, Endfun, Pusharg, Call, Local,
-    Use, Extern, Error, Catch, Try, Exception
+    Use, Extern, Error, Catch, Try, Exception,
+    Struct, Endstruct, Init
 };
 
 /*
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ enum class Instructions {
     See also parser function
 */
 enum class Types {
-    Int, Double, String, Char, Bool, Value, Direct, Line, List, ListRef, Label, Type, Function
+    Int, Double, String, Char, Bool, Value, Direct, Line, List, ListRef, Label, Type, Function, Other
 };
 
 // Forward declaration of Literal for list
@@ -130,21 +132,8 @@ struct List {
     vector<Literal> val;
 };
 
-/*
-    Literal struct
-    Contains literal values. For example, if the following line was written:
-        stdout "Hello world!"
-    The Literal struct in the instruction should look like this:
-    {
-        val = "Hello world!"; // I am ignoring the variant for simplicity
-                              // of documenting the code
-    }
-    All value references are swapped out for their respective Literal they
-    point to. See also variables map, parser function, interpreter function
-*/
-struct Literal {
-    variant<int, double, bool, string, char, List> val;
-};
+// Forward definition of literal for the legendary struct struct
+struct Literal;
 
 /*
     Direct struct
@@ -161,6 +150,8 @@ struct Direct {
 };
 
 struct TypeRef {
+    bool isCustomType = false;
+    string customType;
     Types type;
 };
 
@@ -277,6 +268,31 @@ struct Function {
     vector<Label> labels;
 };
 
+/*
+    Struct struct
+    This struct stores data for structures in Ground.
+*/
+struct Struct {
+    map<string, Literal> values;
+    map<string, Function> functions;
+};
+
+/*
+    Literal struct
+    Contains literal values. For example, if the following line was written:
+        stdout "Hello world!"
+    The Literal struct in the instruction should look like this:
+    {
+        val = "Hello world!"; // I am ignoring the variant for simplicity
+                              // of documenting the code
+    }
+    All value references are swapped out for their respective Literal they
+    point to. See also variables map, parser function, interpreter function
+*/
+struct Literal {
+    variant<int, double, bool, string, char, List, Struct> val;
+};
+
 // C-compatible enum and types for developing libraries for Ground in C
 typedef enum {
     GROUND_INT,
@@ -303,6 +319,12 @@ typedef struct {
 */
 map<string, Function> functions;
 
+/*
+    structs map
+    Contains structs (see the Struct struct for more info)
+*/
+map<string, Struct> structs;
+
 /*
     fnArgs vector
     Containst the arguments to be passed to a function
@@ -439,11 +461,8 @@ bool isListRef(string in) {
 }
 
 bool isType(string in) {
-    if (in.size() >= 1 && in[0] == '-') {
-        string type = in.substr(1);
-        if (type == "string" || type == "char" || type == "bool" || type == "double" || type == "int" || type == "list") return true;
-        else return false;
-    } else return false;
+    if (in.size() > 1 && in[0] == '-') return true;
+    else return false;
 }
 
 bool isFunction(string in) {
@@ -492,8 +511,12 @@ Types getLitType(Literal in) {
 bool processingFunction = false;
 string procFnName = "";
 
+bool processingStruct = false;
+string procStructName = "";
+
 bool inFunction = false;
 
+
 // Stack of strings for keeping track of which thing we're importing
 stack<string> importing;
 
@@ -536,9 +559,116 @@ Literal exec(vector<Instruction> in, bool executingFunction) {
                 procFnName = "";
                 continue;
             } else {
+                if (processingStruct) {
+                    structs[procStructName].functions[procFnName].instructions.push_back(l);
+                }
                 functions[procFnName].instructions.push_back(l);
                 continue;
             }
+        } else if (processingStruct) {
+            if (l.inst == Instructions::Endstruct) {
+                processingStruct = false;
+                procStructName = "";
+            } else if (l.inst == Instructions::Fun) {
+                if (l.args.size() < 2) {
+                    error("Could not find all arguments required for Fun inbuilt");
+                }
+                Function newFunction;
+
+                if (holds_alternative<TypeRef>(l.args[0])) {
+                    newFunction.returnType = get<TypeRef>(l.args[0]).type;
+                } else {
+                    error("First argument of function must be a type reference");
+                }
+
+                string fnName;
+
+                if (holds_alternative<FunctionRef>(l.args[1])) {
+                    fnName = get<FunctionRef>(l.args[1]).fnName;
+                } else {
+                    error("Second argument of function must be a function reference");
+                }
+
+                if (importing.size() > 0) {
+                    fnName = importing.top() + ":" + fnName;
+                }
+
+                // Parse function arguments (type-direct pairs)
+                if ((l.args.size() - 2) % 2 != 0) {
+                    error("Function arguments must be in type-direct pairs");
+                }
+
+                for (int m = 2; m < l.args.size(); m += 2) {
+                    FnArg newArg;
+
+                    // Get type
+                    if (holds_alternative<TypeRef>(l.args[m])) {
+                        newArg.type = get<TypeRef>(l.args[m]).type;
+                    } else {
+                        error("Expected type reference in function argument definition");
+                    }
+
+                    // Get direct reference
+                    if (m + 1 < l.args.size() && holds_alternative<Direct>(l.args[m + 1])) {
+                        newArg.ref = get<Direct>(l.args[m + 1]);
+                    } else {
+                        error("Expected direct reference after type reference in function argument definition");
+                    }
+
+                    newFunction.args.push_back(newArg);
+                }
+
+                functions[fnName] = newFunction;
+                processingFunction = true;
+                procFnName = fnName;
+            } else if (l.inst == Instructions::Init) {
+                if (l.args.size() < 2) {
+                    error("Could not find all arguments required for Init inbuilt");
+                }
+                {
+                    Direct varRef;
+                    TypeRef type;
+                    if (holds_alternative<Direct>(l.args[0])) {
+                        varRef = get<Direct>(l.args[0]);
+                    } else {
+                        error("First argument of init must be a direct reference");
+                    }
+                    if (holds_alternative<TypeRef>(l.args[1])) {
+                        type = get<TypeRef>(l.args[1]);
+                    } else {
+                        error("Second argument of init must be a type reference");
+                    }
+
+                    Literal newVal;
+                    if (type.isCustomType) {
+                        newVal.val = structs[type.customType];
+                    } else {
+                        Literal newVal;
+                        switch (type.type) {
+                            case Types::Int:
+                                newVal.val = 0;
+                                break;
+                            case Types::Double:
+                                newVal.val = double(0.0);
+                                break;
+                            case Types::String:
+                                newVal.val = "";
+                                break;
+                            case Types::Char:
+                                newVal.val = '\0';
+                                break;
+                            case Types::Bool:
+                                newVal.val = false;
+                                break;
+                            default:
+                                error("You dingus you werent supposed to get here");
+                        }
+                    }
+                    variables[varRef.varName] = newVal;
+                }
+
+            }
+            continue;
         }
         // Pre process value references and labels
         for (int j = 0; j < l.args.size(); j++) {
@@ -766,6 +896,51 @@ Literal exec(vector<Instruction> in, bool executingFunction) {
                     variables[varRef.varName] = varContents;
                 }
                 break;
+            case Instructions::Init:
+                if (l.args.size() < 2) {
+                    error("Could not find all arguments required for Init inbuilt");
+                }
+                {
+                    Direct varRef;
+                    TypeRef type;
+                    if (holds_alternative<Direct>(l.args[0])) {
+                        varRef = get<Direct>(l.args[0]);
+                    } else {
+                        error("First argument of init must be a direct reference");
+                    }
+                    if (holds_alternative<TypeRef>(l.args[1])) {
+                        type = get<TypeRef>(l.args[1]);
+                    } else {
+                        error("Second argument of init must be a type reference");
+                    }
+
+                    Literal newVal;
+                    if (type.isCustomType) {
+                        newVal.val = structs[type.customType];
+                    } else {
+                        switch (type.type) {
+                            case Types::Int:
+                                newVal.val = 0;
+                                break;
+                            case Types::Double:
+                                newVal.val = double(0.0);
+                                break;
+                            case Types::String:
+                                newVal.val = "";
+                                break;
+                            case Types::Char:
+                                newVal.val = '\0';
+                                break;
+                            case Types::Bool:
+                                newVal.val = false;
+                                break;
+                            default:
+                                error("You dingus you werent supposed to get here");
+                        }
+                    }
+                    variables[varRef.varName] = newVal;
+                }
+                break;
             /*
                 setlist instruction
                 This instruction takes a potentially infinite amount of arguments and
@@ -1880,6 +2055,25 @@ Literal exec(vector<Instruction> in, bool executingFunction) {
                     procFnName = fnName;
                 }
                 break;
+            case Instructions::Struct:
+                if (l.args.size() < 1) {
+                    error("Could not find all arguments required for Struct inbuilt");
+                }
+                {
+                    string structName;
+
+                    if (holds_alternative<TypeRef>(l.args[0])) {
+
+                    } else {
+                        error("First argument of struct must be a type reference");
+                    }
+
+                    Struct newStruct;
+                    structs[structName] = newStruct;
+                    processingStruct = true;
+                    procStructName = structName;
+                }
+                break;
             /*
                 return instruction
                 Exits a function.
@@ -2381,6 +2575,9 @@ vector<Instruction> parser(vector<vector<string>> in) {
                 else if (i == "call") newInst.inst = Instructions::Call;
                 else if (i == "use") newInst.inst = Instructions::Use;
                 else if (i == "extern") newInst.inst = Instructions::Extern;
+                else if (i == "struct") newInst.inst = Instructions::Struct;
+                else if (i == "endstruct") newInst.inst = Instructions::Endstruct;
+                else if (i == "init") newInst.inst = Instructions::Init;
                 else error("Unexpected token: " + i);
             } else {
                 Types type = getType(i);
@@ -2412,7 +2609,11 @@ vector<Instruction> parser(vector<vector<string>> in) {
                             else if (type == "int") newType.type = Types::Int;
                             else if (type == "bool") newType.type = Types::Bool;
                             else if (type == "list") newType.type = Types::List;
-                            else error("Ground could not find type. This is an error with the interpreter, not your code. This line of code should never be reached.", "undefinedError");
+                            else {
+                                newType.isCustomType = true;
+                                newType.customType = type;
+                                newType.type = Types::Other;
+                            }
                             newInst.args.push_back(newType);
                         }
                         break;
diff --git a/tests/struct.grnd b/tests/struct.grnd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..513903d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/struct.grnd
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+struct -point
+    init &xpos -int
+    init &ypos -int
+
+    fun -void !init -int &x -int &y
+        set &xpos $x
+        set &ypos $y
+        return
+    endfun
+
+    fun -string !toString
+        # do stuff
+        return "placeholder"
+    endfun
+
+    fun -int !dingle
+        return 23
+    endfun
+endstruct
+
+pusharg 43 32
+init &myPoint -point
+
+set &myPoint.xpos 17
+set &myPoint.ypos 23
+
+!myPoint.dingle &out
+
+println $myPoint