Expressions

An expression in Solstice is a combination of operators and values (whether literal or stored in a variable).;

Expression Types

“Precedence” is a number which dictates the order of execution. The higher the precedence, the sooner an expression will be evaluated.

Binary Mathematical

• +: Adds two numbers on either side, or concatenates two strings
  • Accepts:
    • Two integers either side
    • Two doubles either side
    • Two strings either side
    • An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  • Returns:
    • The sum of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    • The sum of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
    • The concatenated string when both values are strings
  • Precedence: 5
• -: Subtracts two numbers on either side
  • Accepts:
    • Two integers either side
    • Two doubles either side
    • An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  • Returns:
    • The difference of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    • The difference of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
  • Precedence: 5
• *: Multiplies two numbers on either side
  • Accepts:
    • Two integers either side
    • Two doubles either side
    • An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  • Returns:
    • The product of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    • The product of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
  • Precedence: 6
• /: Divides two numbers on either side
  • Accepts:
    • Two integers either side
      • Two doubles either side
        • An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  • Returns:
    • The quotient of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    • The quotient of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
  • Precedence: 6

Binary Comparative

• ==: Checks two values to determine if they are equal
  • Accepts:
    • Any two values either side which are of the same type
    • An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  • Returns:
    • true if both provided values are exactly the same.
    • false otherwise.
  • Precedence: 2
• !=: Checks two values to determine if they are not equal
  • Accepts:
    • Any two values either side which are of the same type
    • An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  • Returns:
    • true if both provided values are not exactly the same.
    • false otherwise.
  • Precedence: 2
• >: Checks two numbers to determine which is greater
  • Accepts:
    • Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  • Returns:
    • true if the number provided on the left is greater than the number provided on the right.
    • false otherwise.
  • Precedence: 2
• <: Checks two numbers to determine which is lesser
  • Accepts:
    • Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  • Returns:
    • true if the number provided on the left is lesser than the number provided on the right.
    • false otherwise.
  • Precedence: 2
• >=: Checks two numbers to determine which is greater, or whether both are equal
  • Accepts:
    • Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  • Returns:
    • true if the number provided on the left is greater than the number provided on the right, or if both numbers are equal.
    • false otherwise.
  • Precedence: 2
• <=: Checks two numbers to determine which is lesser, or whether both are equal
  • Accepts:
    • Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  • Returns:
    • true if the number provided on the left is lesser than the number provided on the right, or if both numbers are equal.
    • false otherwise.
  • Precedence: 2

Binary Misc

• as: Converts between types.
  • Accepts:
    • Any object on the left, and a type which has an applicable conversion defined by the object on the right
  • Returns:
    • The object turned into the type on the right, in the way defined by the as-method
• .: Accesses object fields
  • Accepts:
    • An object on the left, and an identifier on the right which corresponds to a field or method in the object
  • Returns:
    • The object field or method the identifier corresponds to

Brackets

• (...): Evaluates an expression inside the brackets before outside expressions.
  • Accepts:
    • Any expression inside the brackets (in place of ...)
  • Returns:
    • The result of the expression in the brackets
  • Precedence: 7

Function Call

• (...): Calls the specified function.
  • Accepts:
    • An identifier for the function before the brackets, then comma-seperated expressions corresponding to the function type signature (see Types -> Combined Types -> fun) inside the brackets (in place of ...)
  • Returns:
    • The function’s return type as specified by the function type signature (see Types -> Combined Types -> fun)

Unary Misc

• new: Creates a new object from a template.
  • Accepts:
    • A template after the new keyword.
    • A core type identifier
  • Returns:
    • An object based on the provided template, if provided with a template.
    • The empty version of the core type, if provided with a core type, which is:
      • int: 0
      • double: 0.0
      • string: ""
      • char: '\0'
      • bool: false
• sizeof: Gets the size of something.
  • Accepts:
    • A string
    • An object with an int size field
  • Returns:
    • The string length if provided a string
    • The int size field of the object if provided an object